Understanding Piles: Common Symptoms, Causes, and Risk Factors

Piles, or hemorrhoids, are swollen veins in the lowest part of the rectum and anus. They're one of the most common anorectal conditions and, while uncomfortable, are usually very treatable.

Piles can develop inside the rectum (internal) or under the skin around the anus (external), and many people experience a combination of both over time.

The symptoms of piles vary depending on their type and severity, but commonly include bleeding during or after bowel movements, itching or irritation around the anus, discomfort or pain especially while sitting, and a noticeable lump near the anal opening.

Piles often develop due to increased pressure on the veins in the lower rectum. Common contributing factors include chronic constipation or straining during bowel movements, prolonged sitting, a low-fiber diet, pregnancy, aging, and heavy lifting.

While piles can affect anyone, they're more common in adults over 45, pregnant women, and people with sedentary lifestyles or a family history of the condition.

Rectal bleeding can have several causes, so it should always be evaluated by a doctor rather than self-diagnosed. If you notice persistent bleeding, severe pain, or changes in bowel habits, schedule a consultation promptly.